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Comparative Analysis of Hate Speech in the 2019 Nigerian and 2020 American Presidential Elections
Media and Communication Review   |   Vol: 6 ,   No: 2
. . Husseini Hassan Shaibu and Kabir Alabi Garba
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  • First Published (print): Dec 01, 2021

  • Submitted : Nov 16, 2023


Abstract

This study examined the use of hate speech in elections, especially its elevation to the status of political campaign strategy as reflected in the electioneering processes leading to presidential elections in Nigeria in 2019 and United States of America in 2020. Anchored on the Speech Act Theory and the Critical Race Theory and with Content Analysis as the method of study, the study found that hate speech was adopted as campaign strategy by the major actors in both elections. The study also found that hate speech was adopted more strongly in the USA electioneering campaign than the manner it was adopted in Nigeria. While a total of 105 inciting and sensational headlines, 74 negative tone, 43 stereotypical derogation were recorded for the four Nigerian newspapers that were reviewed, a total of 156 inciting and sensational headline, 116 negative tone and 62 stereotypical derogation were recorded for the USA newspapers. Evidently, more hate speeches were deployed during the 2020 USA presidential election than it was deployed in the Nigerian election. The study recommends the institution of effective regulatory mechanism to control the use of hate speech during the electioneering process in both countries. Also, it is recommended that media in both countries should insist on certification of all political advertisements, comments and speeches before they are aired or published. 

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  • Published Online: Dec 1, 2021

  • First Published (print): Dec 01, 2021